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软体测试架构

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JUnit 软体测试架构JUnit Software Testing Framework叶秉哲200274.JUnit 的定位自动产生手动产生test case部份手写工具骨干,架构单元测试JUnit is.方level整合测试scope全自动完整系统JUnit is not.test driver scripttestware大纲引子JUnit 基础篇JUnit 进阶篇软体测试基础推荐读物
一、引子一流的科学家可以做出很有价值的实验、产生新知识;二流科学家只是忙於各种实验、0集大量数据,但对知识的累积没什0用处.
- David SalsburgJUnit 简介Regression testing framework written by Erich Gamma and Kent BeckOpen SourceHosted on Java,C,Perl, Python, etc.
IDE VisualAge, etc.What is Software TestingThe execution of code using combinations of input and state selected to reveal bugs.
The process of devising and executingatest suite that attempts to cause failures, increasing our confidence that failures are unlikely.
Why Testing
目的:矛与盾
Reveal bugs: quality control
Confidence: qualitative quantitative重要性Paradigm↑productivity↑testing debugging↑Software features that cant be demonstrated by automated tests simply dont exist. [Beck 1999, p.45]
Testing:CMM PerspectiveThe Key Process Areas by Maturity Level
Source: Capability Maturity Model for Software, v1.1
Testing: RUP Perspective
Source: Philippe Kruchten, The Rational Unified Process: An Introduction, p.62, Addison Wesley, 1998.
Testing: XP PerspectiveIf youre not validating everything all the time,youre not doing XP. Period.
Source: Kent Beck, Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change, p.70, Addison Wesley, 1999.
Test WhatEvery artifact during the whole development process should be tested.
软体测试工具分类 Suite Optimizeitlint实例coverage analysistest case testingtest planningtest execution design development分类JUnit FrameworkHow to Test with 如何测试strategy多少测试才够coverage流程process工具影响medium is message
二、JUnit 基础篇Extreme Programmers test everything that could possibly break, using automated tests that must run perfectly all the time.
- Extreme Programming Goals of JUnitEasy to useRequires no more work than absolutely necessary to writeanew testLeverages existing tests to create new onesReusable fixtures to run different testsRetains values of tests over timeCombines tests from various authors and run them together without fear of Study自动产生测试框架Using Borland JBuilder 6.0最简单的完整测试实例实例一
实例一:简单的待测物public class Money {private int fAmount;private String fCurrency;public Money(int amount, String currency) {fAmount = amount;fCurrency = currency;}public Money add(Money m) {return new Money(amount m.amount, currency);
public int amount { return fAmount; }public String currency { return fCurrency; }
实例一:产生测试框架[17]Borland JBuilder 6.0
实例一:产生测试框架[27]
实例一:产生测试框架[37]
实例一:产生测试框架[47]
实例一:产生测试框架[57]
实例一:产生测试框架[67]
实例一:产生测试框架[77]import ;public class MoneyTest extends TestCase {public MoneyTest (String s) { super(s); }protected void setUpprotected void tearDownpublic void testAdd {String val2 = STRING0;Money money = new Money(val1, val2);
Money val1 = null @todo fill in non-null value ;
Money moneyRet = ;
@todo: Insert test code here.Use assertEquals, for example.Lesson testalittle实例二
1.
实例二:待测物,修正版public class Money implements Cloneable {public Money(int amount, String currency) { . }if (m = null) return (Money) clone;
public Object clone { . }public boolean equals(Object obj) { . }public int amount { . }public String currency { . }
实例二:测试码[12]public void testNullAdd {String curr = NTD;Money money1 = new Money(val1, curr);
Money money2 = null; null valueMoney money3 = ;
money3);
实例二:测试码[22]public void testSimpleAdd {Money money2 = new Money(val2, curr);
new Money(val3, curr));
java -cp lib\junit.jar. 12Failure 22Lessons exercise test case(s)Write vs. error
三、JUnit 进阶篇The tests that you write in XP are isolated and automatic.
- Extreme Programming 管理Test suite 与进入点Grouping by testing实例三setUptearDown
实例三:测试码[12]private Money money1, money2, money3;
public s) { . }protected void setUp {
实例三:测试码[22]public void testNullAdd {Money money10 = ; null money10);Money money10 = ;
money10); setUpOverrides tearDownEach test.method is isolated实例四TestSuitetest suite
实例四:测试码[13]public MoneyTest (String s) { . }protected void setUp { . }public void testNullAdd { . }public void testSimpleAdd { . }
实例四:测试码[23]
[interactive mode]entry point of the whole test suite!
Version 1public static Test suite {TestSuite suite = new TestSuite;
;
;
return suite;Version 2return new ;
实例四:测试码[33]
[batch mode]public static void main(String args) {;
Test case as the interactive mode entry as the batch mode entry point
实例五:Composite Pattern
实例五:before groupingtest 1test 2test 3
实例五:grouping by tasksbasic testrandom testmonkey teststress test
实例五:composite test suitespublic class Money_test extends TestCase {;
;
;
Grouping by configuration policyBy tasksBy personsBy
小结:JUnit 使用四部曲Overrides setUp andor test.Uses suite andor main其他主题 for various application domains
四、软体测试基础Program testing can be used to show the presence of defects, but never their absence!
- Edward DijkstraWhy is Hard理论限制实务限制成本流程人因
软体测试方:分类ScopeUnit testSystem testAcceptance (black (white box)Hybrid (gray Testing Manifesto观察No silver bulletEvery advance incremental信条Fault modelsTest processFault testing 不可能,合理的testing strategy 必须根据fault models 的引导
正面: sufficient
反面: efficient
五、推荐读物Tests are botharesource
软体测试通论Edward Kit, Software Testing in the Real World: Improving the Process, Press, 1995.
Boris Beizer, Black-Box Testing, John Wiley Sons, and Unit Analysis and Testing, SEI Curriculum Module Zhu, PatrickA.V. Hall, JohnH.R. May, Software Unit Test Coverage and Adequacy, ACM Computing Surveys, vol 29, no物件导向软体测试 Testing Systems: Models, Patterns, and Tools, 2000.
JUnit
Test Infected: Programmers Love Writing TestsJUnit Cookbook
JUnit:ACooks Tour与JUnit 有关的软体开发流程[Beck 1999] Kent Beck, Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change, 1999.
Ron Jeffries, Ann Anderson, and Chet Hendrickson, Extreme Programming Installed, 2001.
●讲题介绍无错误的软体是软体专案的梦想,但随著软体系统日益庞杂,测试任务也越来越艰困.是否有既轻巧,威力强、弹性十足,又经济实惠的辅助工具呢Kent Beck 是extreme programming 创始人、Erich Gamma 是赫赫有名的Design Patterns 四巨头之一、
这两位软体大师通力合作的产物:JUnit,究竟有什0样的魅力、风靡软体界、更於2001~2002 连续两年赢得JavaWorld Editors Choice Awards 的Best Java Performance Tool 奖项呢且让我们一起来认识,掌握JUnit 软体测试架构吧!

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