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中美教育之比较

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中美教育之比较93学年度第二学期英文研究报告
2005 English research project presentation
指导老师:陈慧文老师
组员:
1.白芳瑜Sally Pai
2.郭劲廷Justin Kuo
3.张思维Susan Chang
4.施宜0 Claire Shih
5.吕明轩Michelle Lu a.中美教育之比较b. 康桥学生出国意愿调查b. Kang Chiao students studyingaboard investigation前言(ENG)
Humans are incredible creatures. Because of all modern inventions, life has become more convenient but it is also getting harder to compete. As our lives got better, people started to notice the importance of education. AsIjust mentioned, because of inventions, travelling between countries has become really easy. Which is why our studying began to have lot of different possibilities. Living in this outasite world, choosing the best way of learning has become an important topic everybody has to face. And thats the reason we chose to research about choices in education.
前言(中文版)
人类是一个不可思议的生物.由於人类各个伟大的发明,我们的生活变得比古代更方便,但竞争却也更激烈.当生活逐渐在进步,教育的价值也开始越来越被重视.而随著社会的变迁、各个方面的发明甚至也影响了教育,使得『学习』开始变得多元化.
活在这个先进的社会里、选择一个对自己来说非常适合的学习方式是大家所关注,也必须重视的.而正因为上述所说的理由,促使我们今天在选择在这里发表这个跟教育有关系的主题.
内容整理美国教育简介(简略)美国教育优点美国教育缺点美国教育理念台湾教育简介(简略)台湾教育优点台湾教育缺点台湾教育理念即将面对的高中升学(差异)康桥学生升学调查结论Content Education Educations Educations DefectsAmerica Educations ConceptTaiwans Education Educations Educations DefectsTaiwan Educations ConceptThings Were Going to Face About Senior High SchoolKang Chiao Students 美国学校制度简介美国学校主要由初等、中等及后中等教育三个阶段所构成.学前教育不包括在义务教育之内.义务教育各州之年限不一.
1.16个州:九年义务教育2.19个州:10年义务教育
3. 7个州:11年义务教育4. 6个州:12年义务教育
5. 2个州:13年义务教育初等教育和中等教育加起来共计12年,由於各学区的制度差异,故有六三三、六六、八四、四四四等制度并存.
Brief introduction of American School SystemAmerican school is mainly constituted by primary, secondary and post secondary system of education. Compulsory education doesnt include the preschool education. Also, compulsory education is different between each state.
1. 16 states: 9-years compulsory system
2. 19 states: 10-years compulsory system
3.7states: 11 years compulsory system
4.6states: 12 years compulsory system
5. 2states: 13 years compulsory system Primary education and secondary education are in the total of 12 years, because of each school zones systems difference, therefore education systemstc.
1.单轨制,没有平民与贵族之区分.
2.教育机会较公平及合理.
3.采单轨制,所以学校单一、具有较完整的学习.
4.学习分流延缓分化,对学生学习是一种延后分化,可以避免过早分化的缺失.
5.学校单一化,让学生具有齐一的标准.
6.国家在调整学制时较为容易.
(参考资料:网路)美国教育体制的优点American Educations Advantages
1. Single track system, no difference between common people and rich people.
3. However, the school is unity, so the learning is more complete.
4. Study diffluence have been delayed can avoid immature deletion.
5. Schools are unificated, so all the students have the same standard.
6. If the country want to adjust the educational system, it will be easier.
American Education Systems Advantages
1.因采取单轨制,学校类型较少.
2. 学生选择少.
3. 学生的教育机会虽然一致,但是无法配合个人学习的差异.
4.学生分化太晚,不一定可以让学生适性发展. 美国教育体制的缺点American educations defect
1. Because of single track system, schools types are less.
2. Students choices are less.
3. Even though educated opportunities are the same, it cant co-operate with individual learning difference.
4. Because of late not all the students can develop.
American educations defects
1.学习选择的多元化
2.授与家长教育选择权
3.聚焦於地方学校的改革
4.强调市场竞争
5.行政与管理的去中心化
具体政策:
1.系统化改革
2.管理体制的改革
3.整体学校的改革方案American education systemMultiple Achievement ChoicesGiving the parents the authority for childrens on local schools reformLaying emphasis on competitive reformManage system reformThe whole schools reform台湾学校制度简介我国学制制度自幼稚园到研究所修业年限共22年以上,其中包含幼稚园2年;国民小学6年;国民中学3年;高级专科中等学校分别为高中或高职3年.专科学校依入学资格不同、分别招收国民中学毕业生入学的5年制专科,或高职毕业生的2年制专科.大学则以4年为原则(视学系而延长1到2年).
幼稚园年龄: 4到六岁高级中学: 15到18岁
国民小学: 6到12岁高级职业学校:15到18岁综合高中: 15到18岁
国民中学: 12到15岁(专科以上之在学年龄,则没有明文规定.)Taiwan education systems will be 22 years or more from kindergarten toagraduate school. These 22 years includes2years of of elementary school,3years of junior high school,3years of senior high school,4years of university. (Different subjects have different years. )
Senior high school:15-18
Elementary school:6-12
Junior High dont have age rules
1. 教学内容较美国复杂(例:数学)
2. 学费便宜
3. 距离近,家长易掌控较安心
4. 心理适应容易
5. 学习较易进入状况台湾教育体制的优点
1.The education is more complicated (ex. Math)
2.The school tuition is cheaper.
3.Short distance, so the parents is easy to control, and feel more secure.
4.Easy to psychological adaptation.
5.Easier to adapt into learning and the environment.
1.教育资源问题例如:资源不足,分配不均及不当使用,城乡差距过大.
2.弱势族群的教育问题
3.教育私有化问题例如:民间兴学不足,过度管制,私立学校经费补助等等.
4.师资问题例如:人力供需失衡,教师工作量重、知识不足等.
5.课程及教学问题例如:教材内容或教法僵硬,国中小课程衔接问题,乡土及母语教育缺乏,补习问题.
6.终身、成人教育问题:其学习体系未建立.
(参考资料:书籍0国际比较教育学)台湾教育体制的缺点Taiwans Educational Defect
1. Educational resources problems ex. Resources deficiency, distribute imbalance and wrong usage.
2. people have(弱势族群)s educational problems
3. Education privacy problems ex. School isnt popular , exorbitant control, and private schools appropriation subvention.
4. Teacher problems ex. Human resources unbalance, teachers work load heavy, and knowledge deficiency.
5. Curriculum and tuition problems ex. projectual content or teach ability angularity, junior high and elementary connect curriculum problems, vernacular and material education destitute, and remediation problems.
6. life long and adult educational problems: unfinished establish.
建立完善学前教育制度加强衔接课程统整国中国小课程弹性调整高中职学生比例强化原住民学生教育九年一贯多元入学综合高中Taiwans educational concept
1. preschool educational system.
2. Intensify connected curriculum.
3. Make all junior high elementary curriculum unified.
4. Elastic adjust vocational high school proportion.
5. Consolidated aboriginal students education.
Administration
1. 9-years compulsory system
2. Multiple admission choices. 高中升学及发展方向-1在我们即将面对的升学问题,一定有许多家长或学生本身犹豫著到底要国中毕业就朝国外发展还是留在台湾升学.下列就是海外及国内升学之比较唷!
将高中职整合,让社区高中职可一体的培育学生让学生不再越区就读让社区与高中职结合,资源共享结合多元入学制度,让学生就近就学活络当地的高中职打破明星学校,使其不再产生让学,社区的高中发挥特色.让学生有更多的选择让学区的资源可以充分运用让教育方式更弹性(学生可就近学习)配合市场机制原理,让高中可以在社区、学区里面竞争、提高教育品质配合教育改革,让学区、社区更与学校结合,让资源共享
台湾高中职社区化特色:
美国高中学区制的特色:Advanced to high schools the high schools and the vocational schools to make them educate students together.
Students dont have to move to another district in order to go toabetter star school.
Combine the high school and vocational school with the community with the district, so both side can share more resources.
Combine multiple-entry systems so the students can go to school near where they live.
Activate local high school and vocational school.
Make the schools in the school zone and community work to its best extent.
Offer more options for students.
Let the resources of the school zone be fully, effectively used.
Make the teaching methods more flexible.
Make schools compete positively with each other, as how market theory works, to escalate the quality of education.
Reinforce the combination of the district and schools to share the resources to carry out the revolution of education.
Taiwan vocational (high) schools localize high schools school zoning features高中升学及发展方向-2
1.有高中及高中职的区分
2.有入学制度
3.在去除明星学校
4.主要由中央执行及规划
1.仅以高中为主
2.没有入学制度
3.非去除明星学校
4.由地方及州在进行改革相异
1.均在高级中学6.增加教育选择权
2.均在结合社区资源
3.均在满足学生需求
4.均在减轻学生压力
5.落实社区与高中结合相同台湾美国
between H.S.V.S.
2.Theres an entrance examination.
3.We want each school to look or sound equally famous.
4.The government schemes and carries out everything.
1.They only have the high schools basically.
2.Theres no entrance examination.
3.They dont try to make each school sound equally famous.
4.The state and the local communities work out the change together.
First Spot difference
1. Both are in senior high school
2. They both combine the resource of the communities and the schools.
3. satisfy students requirements.
4. reduce students pressure.
5. carry out the combination of the community the high school.
六年级学生升学意愿六年级学生出国意愿-2七年级学生升学意愿七年级学生出国意愿-2Conclusion 结论Soon, all of the students sitting here will have to face the most important choice of their life. The choice is studying overseas or staying in Taiwan. America and some other countries are really famous compared to Taiwan. But that doesnt mean that Taiwans education is worse. We cant tell you exactly what choice is best, because this is only the difference between the way each person wants to go. We all wish that the information we just presented can help you. And.Good Luck making your Choices.
Conclusion 结论(中文版)
很快我们就要面对到我们的升学问题,并且要决定是否要去海外就学或者留在国内.美国,英国,加拿大等等的大国皆是众人出国留学的几大选择.而他们的知名度与台湾相较更是绰绰有余,可是这并不代表美国的教育会比台湾更优良.选择海外的教育或留在国内其实都只是针对个人不同的学习兴趣而有差别.
最后,我们的研究报告终於将近尾声.我们大家都诚心的希望刚刚呈现的资料对於不久后大家即将做的升学选择有帮助.谢谢!
感谢,心得做完这次的研究报告,我觉得很有成就感,虽然在制作的过程中、出了许多的问题,不过,我们都一一的去克服它、这个经验很特别也很可贵!
这次的标题是感恩,我们在这里感谢:
703 史铠瑜同学的协助,704 丁玉瑛老师以及Mr. Redlack的宽容和协助.
我们也自此感谢六、七年的同学,及级任老师的配合与协助.ThanksThanks to 703 Karen Shih, 704 homeroom teacher Mrs. Ting, and Mr. Redlack, without their help we wont be able to present this wonderful project to you all.
Were also thankful to all the grade six and seven students, for their valuable information and their precious time.

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